Those are displayed on your minimap. Some of them are used by players, and players will know what you mean anyway, but most position calls by players are different from those. They’re also frequently regional, so there can be many calls for a single position. They’re pretty much always one or two syllables, and usually there’s a few similar ones that appear on many maps. Cat, for example, is any catwalk (the most important one on the map if there are multiple). Heaven/Hell is any raised or lowered area respectively, usually with Hell just below Heaven.

You just have to listen to people and ask if you don’t know them, maybe also watch some professional matches as the casters also usually use the most common calls for that language.