Normal day at the NASA factory

also from my totally surface level understanding both sudo and doas “elevate your privileges” which is supposedly unnecessary attack surface. run0 does it in a better way which I do not understand.

sudo and doasare setuid binaries, a special privileged bit to tell the kernel that this binary is not run as the user starting it, but as the owner. A lot of care has to be incorporated into these to make sure you don’t escalate your privileges as the default interface is very limited, being a single bit.

Another issue with this approach is that since you’re running this from your shell, the process will by default inherit all environment variables, which can be convenient, but also annoying (since a privileged process might write into your $HOME) or upright dangerous.

run0doesn’t use that mechanism. systemd is, being a service manager at its core, something launching binaries in specialized environments, e.g. it will start an nginx process under the nginx user with a private tmp, protecting the system from writes by that service, maybe restrict it to a given address family etc. So the infrastructure to launch processes – even for users via systemd-run– is already there. run0 just goes one step further and implements an interface to request to start elevated (or rather with permissions different from their own) processes from a user’s shell.

Classic solutions do it like this:

1. user starts binary with setuid (let’s say sudo) that runs with root (because that’s the owner of the binary) privileges in their shell. Since this is a child process of their shell, it inherits all environment variables by default.
2. sudochecks /etc/sudoers if that user is authorized to perform the requested action and either denies the request, performs it or asks for authentication.
3. a new process is spawned from it, again inheriting the environment variables that were not cleaned, as you can’t get rid of variables by forking (this is often an issue if you have services that have their secrets configured via environment variables)

With run0:

1. user starts run0 binary as a user process. This process inherits the environment variables.
2. run0 forwards the user’s request via interface to the running systemd process (pid 1 I guess). That process however does not inherit any variables by default, since it was started outside the user’s shell.
3. systemd checks if the user who started the run0 binary is allowed to perform the requested operation and again, either denies the request, performs it or asks for authentication.
4. a new process is spawned from it, but it will only receive the environment variables that were explicitly requested as there’s no inheritance.

At least that’s my understanding, I haven’t looked too much into it or used it yet.

I mean it was a bit like a USB stick. Just nobody made the comparison back then because USB didn’t exist. But yes it is removable storage that is read/writable.

GameCube though…

but you obviously don’t want 14 year olds to get drunk.

Which is totally legal here as long as the 14 year old is under supervision of a legal guardian.

That’s why I wrote about “technology faith”, in contrast to the topic “science faith”, because while I think the dangerous idiot is wrong as always, the related issue (as technology is applied science) exists.

Regardless, her motive is just to discredit proper scientific methods and results she doesn’t like, while my point was about technology and its limitations that people don’t understand yet think will fix everything.

Cis man here. Is being called cute by a partner something bad? Partner has called me cute (but also handsome at other times) and I never associated cute with strictly female when it comes to romantic nicknames. Like calling someone a baby doesn’t mean they have actual baby traits.

That being said, while we speak English with each other, it’s the native tongue of neither of us, so maybe this is just a language thing here that I miss.

I always find this a little funny… Like I always hear complaints how the FDA is overbearing and stuff

It’s big corpos who’d love to continue using these additives that launch these claims via proxy into the public. Similar to how McDonald’s made sure people think the US is a country of frivolous lawsuits because they were ordered to cover a woman’s medical costs after a jury found them guilty. Purposeful misrepresentation of facts

First off, Candeath Omens can go fuck herself.

I do think however that there is a weird technology faith in that people believe technology will fix all issues long term or improve or all aspects of our lives. Like when people say AI will fix global warming / climate change… dude, it can’t even properly take orders at a McDonald’s, which is traditionally one of the least qualified jobs. And if you ask an AI how to stop it, it’ll just tell you what we already know, which people haven’t been doing for years. Because that’s what am AI does.

It’s mostly the people neither actually engineering the technology nor studying the actual issue that believe this. But it’s a huge driver in the discussion.

German here with similar laws to yours, though wine and beer legal with 16: legal age of 21 is in line with experts’ recommendations regarding brain development, however it’s questionable if this approach achieves the goal. If you want to discourage teenage drinking, make it unappealing, not illegal; but then we might have to acknowledge that we have an industry that heavily profits from a risky substance that puts a huge burden on society (several billion in damages each year) and we might have to regulate some aspects instead of just blaming the unfortunate people who got screwed over.

Which is exactly what I’d use this for, were it not for the fact that I switched to the windows version of SV anyways. It wants an old system OpenSSL lib that’s insecure and I don’t have it. So wine with Windows version it is.

BASIC aus Büchern sind halt auch eher 30+ Jahre als 20 😉 die das von dir beschriebene Gefühl würde ich sagen hat man heute sogar mehr Möglichkeiten, installiert man sich eben ein(e) BSD, ein exotisches Linux oder Haiku OS. Oder Inferno…

Mainstream ist das natürlich alles nicht, aber das galt ja früher für die komplette IT.

Ich als solidarischer Westdeutscher habe meinen Teil getan und alle meine Immobilien in Leipzig für gemeinnützige Zwecke zur Verfügung gestellt

So Bürschchen jetzt reichts

Ich bin noch nicht so lange mit Computern dabei (irgendwelche DOS Kisten für die ich zu jung war, zu verstehen, was wirklich drin ist) aber immer wenn ich heute von Leuten höre, wie toll Computer früher waren (wir reden hier von Windows XP Zeit), denke ich nur NEIN, DIE WAREN DAMALS SCHEIẞE. Ich will den alten Ranz nicht zurück. Ich will nicht mehr sperrige IDE-Kabel verlegen. Ich will nicht mehr Master / Slave daran konfigurieren. Und nur weil du dich nicht 5 Minuten in die Thematik einlesen willst, heißt das auch nicht, dass BIOS MBR (primäre / sekundäre Partitionen irgendwer?) besser als das komplizierte UEFI mit Secure Boot ist. Nur weil dir Windows 11 und nervige Apps auf die Nüsse gehen, heißt das nicht, dass die Technik an sich heute nicht 100000 mal besser (und damit meine ich nicht nur schneller) ist als damals.

Davon abgesehen finde ich so GANZ alte Hardware mit ihren Beschränkungen (ähnlich wie auch Microcontroller) schon interessant. Aber da ist man ja schon fast näher an der Elektrotechnik als an der Informatik… aber das Geraffel von vor 20 Jahren kann mir komplett gestohlen bleiben.

Und ja das darf jetzt jemand anderes nach Zangendeutsch übersetzen

The base game is free, the price is for DLC.

Is it though? Normally it’s ironic: https://knowyourmeme.com/memes/stop-doing-math

You don’t subtract from 10, but from 10x0.999… I mean your statement is also true but it just proves the point further.

I guess that’s where the advantages come into play the most. I only use it for a handful of machines (2 notebooks, one workstation, an SBC and 2 VPSs) and it’s still a great solution, though there is quite the overhead for the first setup.

Anyhow, that doesn’t mean that it’s more work in total than other distributions. The module system catches a lot of configuration errors for you which means you basically never and up with a “broken” configuration, and even if you did, you could select an older generation (more correct way to say rolling back on NixOS). Sure, the configuration might not do want you intended, but it will most likely be functional.

This even goes so far that some modules detect common configuration pitfalls for applications, like headers not being inherited because they got redefined.

Hence the comment about “bias automation”